In the oil industry, the term "lift" refers to the removal of hydrocarbons from the subsurface. This lifting of petroleum fluids can occur naturally or artificially. There are several technologies and techniques that promote this flow to the surface. In addition, the ability to predict the behavior of reservoirs enables the determination of strategies that optimize this production. The book "A Review on Hydrocarbon Production: From Natural to Artificial Lifting" through its chapters addresses the subject of hydrocarbon production, both natural and artificial, dealing with specific topics, such as: production mechanisms, reserve estimates, modeling and numerical simulation of reservoirs, conventional artificial lifting methods and onshore and offshore oil production systems.